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Major-General Sir Robert Fanshawe KCB, DSO (5 November 1863 – 24 August 1946) was a British Army general during the First World War, who commanded the 48th (South Midland) Division from 1915 to 1918. He was the youngest of three brothers (Edward, Hew, and Robert) who all rose to command divisions or corps during the war. Fanshawe joined the Oxfordshire Light Infantry in 1883, and served with his regiment in India until the Boer War, where he commanded a mobile column and was mentioned in despatches. At the outbreak of the First World War he was on the staff of the British Expeditionary Force, and later commanded a regular brigade on the Western Front, before being promoted to divisional command in 1915. He commanded the 48th (South Midland) Division for three years, including service at the Somme, Ancre, Paaschendale, and on the Italian Front, before being removed from command after his corps commander objected to his defensive strategy. He was relegated to commanding a second-line home service division, and retired from the Army in 1918. ==Early career== Fanshawe was born in 1863, the youngest son of the Reverend Henry Leighton Fanshawe, of Chilworth, Oxfordshire. After attending Marlborough College, Fanshawe joined the 2nd Battalion of the newly formed Oxfordshire Light Infantry, the former 52nd Foot, in 1883. He spent the next sixteen years with the regiment, primarily on service in India, including the Tirah Campaign of 1897–1898.〔''Who Was Who''〕 He was the younger son of three brothers with significant military careers; Edward (b. 1859) joined the artillery and Hew (b. 1860) joined the cavalry, all three rising to command corps or divisions during the First World War.〔"FANSHAWE, Lieut.-Gen. Sir Hew Dalrymple", in 〕〔"FANSHAWE, Lieut.-Gen. Sir Edward Arthur", in 〕 He entered the Staff College, Camberley at the beginning of 1899, but following the outbreak of the Boer War, he was sent to South Africa that November, to serve on the Inspector-General's staff. He saw service at the Relief of Kimberley and the Battle of Paardeberg, where he was wounded; later, in April 1900, he was made adjutant of the 6th Battalion Mounted Infantry.〔Obituary in ''The Times''〕 In 1901, he took command of a mobile column, which he commanded to the end of the war. He received the local rank of lieutenant-colonel whilst holding this command 27 January 1902. For his service in South Africa, he was mentioned in despatches twice and awarded the Distinguished Service Order.〔 In 1903, after the end of hostilities, he was posted to the staff of the 4th Division as deputy assistant adjutant-general, and returned to his regiment in 1903. He commanded the 2nd Battalion from 1907 to 1911, when he was promoted colonel and posted as chief of staff (GSO.1) to 1st Division.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Fanshawe (British Army officer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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